Being A Ill Family Member Essay - 1985 Words

Traditionally, in a Hispanic household, it is the female relatives that take care of a terminally ill family member. This is mainly due to the immense amount of pride Latinos have. They are unlikely to ask for outside help in order to better accommodate a terminally ill family member. When relatives of an individual are informed of the status of a loved one, it may trigger anticipatory grief in close relations. The family members start to experience feelings of loss before their loved one dies as a way to mentally prepare themselves for the following event of life. While it is acceptable for women in this culture to show emotion after someone dies, they may not feel comfortable breaking down in front of the patient. They attempt to put on a brave face in order to show the ill family member that the family unit will remain in good stance even after their passing. The knowledge that a person will die combined with the uncertainty of not knowing when the event will happen can be very s tressful for family members. Usually, the sick individual is cared for at home until he or she passes away with a family member remaining by their side until the end. Spending time with a family member who is close to death also allows relatives to resolve outstanding issues within the family and demonstrate the love and care from each other. The End-of-Life Care: The Latino Culture article also discusses just how important respect is within the Hispanic community. It is traditional amongShow MoreRelatedMexican Americans: Perspectives on Death and Dying Essay1114 Words   |  5 Pagesthey are being punished by God or that it is simply fate that they are terminally ill (Kemp, 2001). Therefore, Mexican Americans typically take a passive role with regard to treatment options. For example, Mexican Americans seldom voice problems with pain while in the hospital due to a high value being placed on stoicism. Consequently, studies show that they receive inadequate analgesia more often than any other population. Life-sustaining measures may also be requested by family members if thereRead MoreMental Illness Effects The Family955 Words   |  4 Pagestheir families are also greatly impacted by their relative’s illness (Kaakinen, J., 2010). Nurses have certain roles to undertake with the families of someone who is sufferin g from a mental illness. In this paper, I will be discussing how mental illness effects the family, the challenges family nurses face and the family nurse’s role. Every member of the family is effected when a member of the group suffers from a mental illness (Kaakinen, J., 2010). Their support for their ill family member is oftenRead MoreCrazy: a Fathers Search Through Americas Mental Healthy Madness - Annotated Bibliography864 Words   |  4 PagesAnnotated Bibliography Doyle, Jim, and Peter Fimrite. Caring for Mentally Ill Criminals Outside of Prison Is Dangerous. Americas Prisons. Ed. Clare Hanrahan. Detroit: Greenhaven Press, 2006. Opposing Viewpoints. Rpt. from Criminally Insane Taking over State Hospitals. San Francisco Chronicle 22 July 2001. Opposing Viewpoints In Context. Web. 26 Feb. 2013. In this article, the incarceration of the mentally ill is encouraged because it is safer than keeping them in mental institutions. ItRead MoreEssay about The History of Dorthea Dixs Creation of Mental Asylums 1043 Words   |  5 PagesThe mental insane in the 1800s were treated as sins from God. If a family had a family member with a mental disability during that period the family was expected to hide and be ashamed of that member. Usually only the well being were able to hide the ill member, the lower classes because of the cost of a useless extra family member, were forced to turn their insane member to the streets. Asylums for the mental ill were first developed by Dorothea Dix after her horrified visit to Bedlam hospitalRead MorePhysician Assisted Suicide Is An Overly Powerful Thing990 Words   |  4 Pagesdeath from a doctor when one is terminally ill. Being told that you have a small amount of time left to live is devastating, but technology eases pain and allows people wit h terminal illnesses to live longer. Why wouldn’t you want to spend more time with your loved ones? It makes sense to want to spend those hard times with loved ones. It is more than likely that they wish to have the unlucky terminally ill family member around and that they do not mind being their caretakers. Furthermore, ending one’sRead MoreMy Family Experienced A Significant Health Crisis996 Words   |  4 PagesA time where my family experienced a significant health crisis was when my father was diagnosed with esophageal or throat cancer. This health crisis occurred about a year and a half ago, so by this time all my siblings were considered adults. For the most part my siblings and I coped with it really well since we were all older and have been very close our whole lives. The way we coped was by expressing ourselves to each other about the situation and giving my dad tons of support. My siblings andRead MoreA Brief Note On Physician Assisted Suicide ( Pas )1288 Words   |  6 Pagesis debatable whether or not PAS should be seen as the equivalent to the suicide that we have labeled as immoral and have tried to prevent while others also question whether PAS is a reasonable solution to the suffering that terminally ill patients are inevitably being put through. I believe PAS should not be legalized in any other state and should, therefore, become illegal in the four states which now allow it and instead train their doctors to provide better palliative care for their patients. Read MorePhysician Assisted Suicide : The Voluntary Termination Of One s Own Life1612 Words   |  7 Pages Physician Assisted Suicide Essay Could you imagine being diagnosed with a terminal illness and not having the option of physician assisted suicide? Hearing the physician inform you that you have no other options than to let your illness decide when and how you will die. Physician assisted suicide is the voluntary termination of one’s own life by administration of a lethal substance with the assistance of a physician. Physician assisted suicide should be legalized in all states throughout theRead MoreThe Social Factor Of Women1502 Words   |  7 Pagessocial factor identifies as contributory reasons to this are: risk factor, economic, impact of female in the family. Gender Domination theories go more than theories of gender difference and gender inequality by arguing that not only are women are unequal to men, but that they are actively worried, also in lower in rank or position, and even abused by men. Radical feminists argue that being a woman is a positive thing in and of itself, but that this is not acknowledged in male-controlled societiesRead MoreEssay On Siblings Of Chronicly Ill Children1375 Words   |  6 Pagesgave greater insight regarding how siblings of chronically ill children cope with respect to internalization, externalization, and self-attributes. While the psychological impact of a chronic illness is not as measurably significant as the impact on the chronically ill child, it is substantial. Internalization is more often exhibited than externalization. This is explained as children did not wish to place more of a burden on the family than was already felt and/or because parents were psychologically

Gutenberg Invention Of The Printing Press - 1366 Words

Many people may wonder what was one invention that really made an impact? Some say electricity or medication some might even say technology. One invention that altered the world was Gutenberg’s invention the printing press. The printing press has made a huge impact back in the 1450s. It allowed many nations to go from writing in scripts to books. Also it was an other way for information to be shared with surrounding countries. The printing press expanded communication,knowledge and also exploration. The printing press help with the progression of literature, how geographical information was spread, how the evolution of the printing press had an impact of the world, and lasted how religion played a big part. The printing press was†¦show more content†¦It was also saved a lot of time. Instead of spending years handwriting books; it would only take a couple of months.For the first time these books were widely available to those who could read. In the 50 years following Gutenberg s invention, 34 of 20 million newly printed books were classical or medieval works.(Doc 8) At this time new languages were becoming well known for instance Latin and Greek. Publishers began to print the same works in the vernacular language.(Doc 8) This was expanding the ancient ideas further than people expected. Around this time, the renaissance was happening. Europe was going through a rebirth. The society was getting intrigued with art,literature and architecture from ancient Greece as well as Rome. As time was progressing, modern books were starting to release. Around the time frame of the 1500s through 1600s book such as The Praise of Folly, The Prince and many others were starting to become a new ge nre. During the first half of the 16th century many work by contemporary writers began to reach a very wide public.(Doc 9) As time was going on authors such as Shakespeare, Francois Rabelais were grabbing attention to new people who were able to read of who knew how to. With modern and current ideas could of been spread more quickly and efficiency. Around this time, geographically a minority amount of countries did not know about the printing press. Little by littleShow MoreRelatedEssay on Johannes Gutenberg and the Invention of the Printing Press3418 Words   |  14 PagesJohannes Gutenberg and the Invention of the Printing Press Between the 13th and 16th centuries we can see the rise of a print-dominated society; a society which moved away from the Churchs monopoly of information that existed until that time. There were many social, economic and political changes. It was not because of the printing press that those changes were brought about, but perhaps they could have not happened so fast without the print. Johann Gutenberg managed to bringRead MoreEssay on The Gutenberg Press1248 Words   |  5 PagesGutenberg’s printing press was one of the most important inventions of the renaissance, as it has had a major impact on both the Renaissance and todays world of printing. The Gutenberg Press, impacted the renaissance by, making books and information easier and cheaper to reproduce and print, spreading more information easier and faster to vast audiences eager for new information, helping advance science and technology, and also by helping the economy grow stronger through creating new industriesRead More gutenberg Essay606 Words   |  3 PagesGUTENBURG AND THE PRINTING PRESS nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;Long ago there was a man named Johann Gutenberg. He was a very intelligent man. He created one of the greatest inventions in history. He created the printing press. You may ask yourself, what is the printing press? I will soon explain. nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;Johann Gutenberg was born in 1399 named Genefliesch zur Laden. He changed his name to Gutenburg after the name of his wealthy father’s house. Gutenberg died in 1468 in MainzRead MorePrinting Press and Its Importance1426 Words   |  6 PagesFrancesco Loli Hist 201 May 27, 2011 Johannes Gutenberg and the Printing Press There are thousands upon thousands of books at the BYU library. Some of those books are newer than others; some are thicker; some are about history, geography, economics, or engineering. Not every book is in English, rather some are in Spanish or other foreign languages. No matter the type of book, it took just a couple hours to print them. It is incredible to think how it is possible to have so many books availableRead MoreJohannes Gutenberg and The Printing Press1310 Words   |  6 PagesThe printing press was invented in 1453. The movable printing technology was invented in China in 1040 but Johannes Gutenberg was able to perfect this technology by creating the Gutenberg printer in 1440. The printer was a movable type. A movable type was where individual blocks could be set up in order to print almost anything. Before this, wooden blocks, carved by hand were used to print things. These blocks would have consisted of what the individual wanted to print which would take an incred ibleRead MorePrinting Press : The Most Influential Event Of The Renaissance1161 Words   |  5 PagesThe Printing Press is known as one of the most influential event of the Renaissance. The printing press is an apparatus that applies pressure to an inked surface resting upon a print medium (such as paper or cloth), which then transfers the ink to the paper. This machine was generally used for texts(words and writing). The development of the Renaissance by the Printing press had a significant impact in that it allowed to easily keep records, develop better education, and efficiently mass produceRead MoreBible : The Gutenberg Bible1011 Words   |  5 Pagesdesign is The Gutenberg Bible, also known as the Mazarin Bible and the 42-Line Bible. It is often considered one of the first notable books to have been printed because unlike early books, this book was printed with movable type. Invented by Johann Gutenberg, his invention changed the course of technology and the way people gained knowledge forever. The earliest form of printing known is the application of signet stones. This was used in ancient times in Babylonia. Before The Gutenberg Bible, booksRead MoreThe Invention Of The Printing Press1413 Words   |  6 Pages The printing press was essentially invented by Johannes Gutenberg enabling mass productions of books and the spread of rapid knowledge throughout Europe. This invention became a great industry in Britain. The printing press became a popular industry in the mid-19th century as the second industrial revolution commenced a communication revolution. There were several factors that made printing press very popular and substantial such as during wars where there was more of an urgency to strive for newsRead MoreEssay on Consequences of the Printing Press694 Words   |  3 PagesThe Consequences of the Printing Press In 1350 the renaissance had begun, it was the time to bring back and restore many things from the past. Many people from the renaissance time tried to make a living on their own by painting and writing books. Although it seemed very hard to spread their ideas around the world but until 1444 their worries began to shrink. A man from Germany named Johannes Gutenberg invented the printing press, which made possible for people to have copies of books and lettersRead MoreTechnology 1450-1750882 Words   |  4 PagesThe ships, tools for traveling, especially the ones made Portugal and Spain all Impact society today, allowing for the age of exploration to emerge. All these tools proved prosperous but known more important than the printing-press independently developed in Germany by Johannes Gutenberg. Germany before this time was divided, in other words not a country yet, but divided into a city-state format, different provinces ruled by a king under an interregnum. Also, before this era Germany was still under

Existence of Extraterrestrial Beings Free Essays

With all our knowledge of everything around us, overwhelming as it may be, there are still a lot of aspects that are unknown to even the smartest scientists. Did you know that humans know only 5% of the entire universe? Yes, everything we know about the Earth, the Milky Way, and all the planets is barely even a fourth of what comprises the entirety of the universe. Knowing that, it would be illogical to say that the creatures on Earth are the only forms of life in the universe. We will write a custom essay sample on Existence of Extraterrestrial Beings or any similar topic only for you Order Now Today I will tell you about unidentified object sightings, close encounters and even abductions. The first recorded UFO sighting was in Mexico, by an astronomer named Jose Bonilla in 1883 while he was observing sunspot activity. He was said to have seen more than 300 unusual flying objects crossing before the sun. The next one was three years after in Venezuela during a thunderstorm. People reported seeing a bright flying object accompanied by a humming noise hovering over a small hut. The people in that hut got illnesses from radiation exposure and nine days later, the trees surrounding the hut withered and died due to the same reason. Another alarming incident was in the United States of America where a UFO allegedly crashed in Texas and its alien pilot buried at the local cemetery incidentally, I read of the same encounter from a different source and it added this: That night, local officials called a reverend whose name I regret to forget, to go to the crash sight immediately to pray for the victims. When he got there, he was shocked to see non-human creatures. Not more than a few minutes later, military men came in a helicopter and told the reverend to leave and not say a word to anyone; it was an order. These incidents were way back in the 1800’s when our technology was not as enhanced and people were more naive. More recent sightings have been reported in very different areas of the world – Sweden, US, Brazil, Alaska, Argentina, Iran, Spain, China and even the Philippines! Any discussion on this conspiracy, however, will not be complete without talking what went and goes on in Roswell, New Mexico, or better known as Area 51. Area 51 is known to be a US Military Base where 75 miles away, there reported to be a UFO crash landing on July 2, 1947 that left an exceptional amount of debris all over the area. The Roswell Army Air Field reported that they recovered a â€Å"flying disc† but a few hours after this information was released, the government immediately said it was a â€Å"weather balloon. RAAF even reported having recovered alien bodies but as expected, the government denied again and simply stated that it was the military men’s trauma from accidents. Countless witnesses during and after the reported crash date have confirmed seeing flying objects, crop circles and usual activity within the area. Area 51 is now conspired to be a place where they examine evidences of alien bodies, UFO crashes, etc, but the government refuses to confirm and have denied these allegations. More than sightings, as promised, let me take you in on one of the craziest abduction stories. There have been over 60,000 reported abductions worldwide. In most cases, the victims are returned but don’t remember a thing. And in some, the victims are lost forever. The story I’m about to tell you is one of the most bizarre ones ever recorded. So bizarre that it took more than ten years to be able to have a complete review of the situation resulting to the victim and her family’s sanity and the obvious answer that it really did happen. On January 25, 1967, at around 6:30pm Betty Andreasson Luca was in her home with her family. They reported there to be a red light all over the house. When her husband went out to check where it came from, he saw 5 unusual creatures hoping towards the kitchen door where Betty was. She had a family of seven children all of which, including her husband and parents were put in some kind of trance during the whole thing, although they were conscious of everything. Betty was taken to the 20feet in diameter ship, which hovered over their front yard and it flew away to an even bigger mother ship just a few feet above. Betty was gone for four hours. When she has returned, she was perfectly normal and noticed that one of the aliens got left behind with her family, though they were fine as well. Impossible as it may seem, all of this actually happened and was proven correct when each member was questioned, undergone different psychiatric tests, polygraph examinations, and for Betty, fourteen sessions of regressive hypnosis. The result was a 528-page review which scientists still study until today. Betty’s case remains to be the most extraordinary proven case ever recorded. Usually, people who were abducted tend to feel the same things afterwards: lost or missing time for a couple of hours, frequent nose bleeds, unusual marks on the body, nightmares of the abduction, and symptoms of radiation exposure. Beforehand though, collected recorded abductions have the following similarities: it begins with a visual perception of a bright light, the victim feels paralyzed and cant say or do anything; communication is telepathic too! During the abduction, victims can barely describe any of the tools used due to their unfamiliarity to the objects and loss of memory, they know of undergoing a physical examination, and then nothing after that. However, most reported abductions are studied and examined and doctors seem to find a common ball-shaped or triangular shaped objects at the top of the nose, feet, hand, forehead or eyelid. These tiny items cannot be studied further because it is composed of chemicals not found on earth. With all this at hand, it would be very difficult to believe that we are the only form of life. I could go on and on about more stories and other things I know and have gathered from watching countless documentaries and reading articles on the subject but time and the fact that you all probably think I’m crazy constrains me. This is what I can tell you now though: these creatures could very well be amongst us without our knowledge. They are clearly more advanced than we are for they have found ways of coming to our planet and finding us when they most likely live light-years away. How to cite Existence of Extraterrestrial Beings, Essay examples

The Pathogenesis of Brian Colorectal Cancer

Question: Describe the pathogenesis of Brians colorectal cancer from the initial cellular mutation to the diagnosis of stage IIA colorectal cancer? Answer: In the case of colorectal cancer, discussing about the pathogenesis of colorectal cancer mutations in KRAS is defined as an initial event in the term of pathogenesis. It has been reported that mutation in KRAS demonstrated in 50% of adenomas and hence defined as a key genetic modification that is useful to the development of adenoma to colorectal cancer. It has been found that progression of KRAS mutation is a vital stage in the multistep phenomenon in cancer development. Mutation in KRAS is been associated with very fast and competitive metastatic action of liver metastases. It has been found that there are several liver metastases that were associated with the high expression of KI67 and KRAS have shorter time lapse to be detected as it has restriction with colon and poor survival. Mutation KRAS is associated with C12V is associated to hepatic metastasis along with several lung and colon metastasis. For the treatment module role of KRAS is very critical as it is associated with the deprived response rates of several therapeutic agents thus the mutational role of KRAS act as a deciding step in validating therapies for colorectal cancers. KRAS is associated with epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) which is a tyrosine kinase and present on maximum colorectal tumours as it is known to KRAS decrease the response of agents which are anti EGFR. Mutation in KRAS and their implementation in cancer biology have been validated for past decade. KRAS has second highest prevalence of colorectal cancer and this therapy may be well validated in coming durations and at present act has promising approach (Cong and Xiang, 2012) Describe two (2) modifiable and three (3) non- modifiable risk factors for colorectal cancer and explain how these risk factors may have contributed to the development of Brians colorectal cancer. There have been several evidences that denotes about several factors including several dietary and lifestyle factors that influences the risk of colorectal cancer. Physical inertness, overweight and a deposition of adiposity are consistent risk factors as these parameters serves as major contributors to the high rates of colorectal cancer in several nations. In the recent advancements study indicates the chronic hyperinsulinemia as a major risk factor as it increases the risk of colon cancer because insulin resistance and hyperinsulinemia is promotes by over intake energy and in terms of the Western food routine and culture (e.g., saturated fats and refined carbohydrates), it may be a termed of factors that increses the colorectal cancer. Over consumption of liquor in combination with diet possessing deficit in micronutrients like methionine and folate and smoking likely to increases risk of colorectal cancer especially folate is a nutrient that has been well explores and bears in ra ndomized clinical trials (Giovannucci, 2002). Some of the other risk includes age, personal history of polyps and inflammatory bowel disease, possessing some kind of syndromes, ethnic background and diabetes. Person having past history of adenomatous polyps (adenomas) are at the high risk of colorectal cancer. In inflammatory bowel disease including Crohn's disease and ulcerative colitis where colon stays inflamed for long duration, if untreated turns to dysplasia where it possess growth of cells at lining of colon which in case of uncontrolled management turns to colorectal cancer. Individual having family history of adenomatous polyps or colorectal cancer are at high risk to be having colorectal cancers. Mutation in several genes may result in development of colorectal cancer like mutation in APC gene causes in Familial adenomatous polyposis (FAP) and defect in MLH1 or MSH2 gene leads to Hereditary non-polyposis colon cancer (HNPCC) (Al-Sukhni et al., 2008). A recent study reveals that mutations in the gene MUTYH causes MUTYH-associated polyposis (Schlussel et al, 2014) Describe the action and mechanism of action of metronidazole (Flagyl) in relation to its administration to Brian. Describe the action and mechanism of action of morphine in relation to its administration to Brian. Metronidazole is the major component which is found in plasma along with 2-hydroxymethyl metabolites and circulating metronidazole is bound to plasma proteins. Metronidazole is the productive antianaerobic drug validated in an in-vitro condition. An extensive and wide clinical trial to analyse metronidazole along with neomycin towards erythromycin and neomycin as bowel composition showsd a remarkable reduction in anaerobic flora in individual bearing metronidazole (Hinchey et al, 1983). Morphine is developed as god standard for the pain relieve as it is one of the best drug available for the better pain management and it is clinically very effective in cancer pain. Morphine acts on the central nervous system directly for relieve in pain by activating the peripheral tissues as well as it help in migration and proliferation of tumour cells. morphine is found very important for the maintenance of neoplastic tissues (Gach et al, 2011) . Discuss the nursing responsibilities with associated rationales in relation to administering Morphine to Brian. For nursing care it requires multidisciplinary approach towards patient care to meet the expected care Etiology Though the exact reason behind the development of colon cancer is unknown but still several risk factors have been identified that progresses after the age of 40 in both male and females. Ranging from formation of multiple adenomatous polyps to development of colorectal cancer extensive nursing care is involved Diagnosis While diagnosis it nursing personnel should always remember that there is no outward symptom to identify the disease so minute observation for the initial symptom should be taken with deep concern. Abdomen pain, tarry stools, anaemia, intestinal obstruction and unexplained reduction in weight must be considered at initial examination. Proper radiological examination of abdomen must be done along with colonoscopy and faecal occult blood test must be done and if diagnosis is positive then barium enema and flexible sigmoidoscopy should be done for further follow ups. Treatment Primary treatment for the colorectal cancer is colon surgery but the choice of surgery depends upon the tumour location and organ involved. Post-operative care which involves radiotherapy and chemotherapy must be done in proper nursing care. Teaching Nursing staff should be enough efficient to teach the patients the positive and negative impact of the disease along with proper care. Drug management, pain management and timely maintenance of patient surrounding should be done to avoid post-operative complications. Discharge planning Nurses should instruct the patient about post-operative complication like erythema, chills, wound separation, fever, shortness of breath, and more and advised to visit as soon the complication appears again (Toth, 2006). References Giovannucci E. 2002. Modifiable risk factors for colon cancer. Gastroenterol Clin North Am.31(4):925-43. Haggar FA and Boushey RP. 2009. Colorectal Cancer Epidemiology: Incidence, Mortality, Survival, and Risk Factors. Clin Colon Rectal Surg. 22(4): 191197. Cong Tan, Xiang Du. 2012. KRAS mutation testing in metastatic colorectal cancer. World J Gastroenterol.18(37): 51715180 Gach K, WyrÄâ„ ¢bska A, Fichna J, Janecka A. 2011. The role of morphine in regulation of cancer cell growth. Naunyn Schmiedebergs Arch Pharmacol. 384(3): 221230. Hinchey EJ, Richards GK, Prentis J. 1983. Metronidazole as a prophylactic agent in wound infection after colon surgery. Surgery. 93(1-2):197-200. Toth PE. 2006. Ostomy care and rehabilitation in colorectal cancer. Semin Oncol Nurs. 22(3):174-177. Schlussel AT, Gagliano RA Jr, Seto-Donlon S, Eggerding F, Donlon T, Berenberg J, Lynch HT. 2014. The evolution of colorectal cancer genetics-Part 2: clinical implications and applications. J Gastrointest Oncol. 5(5):336-44. Al-Sukhni W, Aronson M, Gallinger S. 2008. Hereditary colorectal cancer syndromes: familial adenomatous polyposis and lynch syndrome. Surg Clin North Am. 88(4):819-844

Outreach program free essay sample

To our parents, who offered us their unconditional love and support. To our teachers, who shared with us their knowledge and skills. To the children of the Pilot Elementary School, who made the Outreach Program memorable. To our school, who supported and implemented this program. And above all, to our Almighty God who has given as everything in life. PLEDGE OF LOYALTY We, the   Economics 1st year student, do hereby Solemnly pledge to be ever faithful to God, to our country and to our school. We promise to develop ourselves to be mature and genuine citizens of the country everyday in our lives. We will aspire to actualize the gift of life so that we could be of greater service to our fellowmen. In all our thoughts, decisions and actions, we will seek the glory of the Lord. So help me God. INTRODUCTION A child is a child. They want toys, gifts, surprises, foods and everything that give them satisfaction but, they need love from all people around them , love from God, and love from their family. We will write a custom essay sample on Outreach program or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page They need happiness that give way to their success and care from those people that they love. The reason why we are doing this is to give their happiness. Happiness moments that could be so memorable and unforgetable to them. In just a simple things weve done we want to see them smile nor to laugh. We want them to realize that eventhough they are a little child they can give happiness to everyone. Our personal intent here is to help them to build their courage and hope in order to face the future, the reality of life, that not all the time there is happiness, sometimes problems and stragles may occur in their lives to give strength to acheive their goals. People can search for their happiness but me, I didnt search it Im just enjoying what ive done thats why it gives happiness to me. The outreach program taught us a lot of good things: contentment with what we have, responsibility and discipline in doing tasks, humility towards those who have less, generosity to those who are in need, hopefulness to what God will give us and gratefulness towards God’s gift to us. The whole outreach experience was nothing new to me but surprisingly, every moment came as a new experience. It was enlightening moment for me, realizing what was beyond the small world that I live in. My eyes were opened to the harsh realities of life. I really learned a lot in this wonderful outreach program. And I though to myself.

A critique on Doing Business in the Wired World

A critique on Doing Business in the Wired World A critique on "Doing Business in the Wired World"The article "Doing Business in the Wired World" depicts how a company can achieve business transactions and success through using the information-rich Internet. The article is well plotted by using examples of different companies to show the potential use of electronic commerce via the Internet. The article is empirical as the findings are based on experiences at large companies such as Cisco Systems, Amazon, Onsale, and BidnAsk, ect. The main findings are:1. Companies can obtain a lot of benefits doing business through electronic commerce. First, information is available and easily accessible. One typical example is Morgan Stanley's use of intranet. As it is stated, "nearly all of the company's 10,000 employees access its server on a weekly or daily basis". Information is disseminated and distributed at a largest possible scale in the company. It is surely much easier for employees to deal with daily work, to cooperate with other coll eagues, and to prepare their reports."moo business cards"It is even important for decision-makers to take action at a faster speed with better-prepared analyses and reports.2. Companies can save a lot of expenses using E-commerce. As companies now can receive orders through network, suppliers can send their orders directly and accurately in a shorter time. This is quite beneficial to companies since in the past time, companies used to adopt fax machines to receive and send message, which was quite slow and was even troublesome for businesses under some circumstances. That can be cost consuming and also a waste of paper. With networks easily available, companies can view information at any time. As the article states, "in the first 18 months of Web usage, over $1 million in annual savings". Any business who finds such a cost-effective method will accelerate...

Advertising and promotion of Galaxy chocolate Essay

Advertising and promotion of Galaxy chocolate - Essay Example mers. Marketing further involves selling, advertising as well as bring products to the people. PROCESS FOR THE FORMULATION OF A BUDGET FOR AN INTEGRATED PROMOTIONAL STRATEGY The first process in formulation of an integrated promotion budget entails objectives setting.Whereby, decision makers should determine the current and future of an organisation and integrate those goals in budget formulation.The second process entails determination of organization resources.This means that financial resources,assets and liabilities of a business should be taken into account when formulating a budget for promotion of galaxy Chocolate.The third process entails projection of company future needs.This can be done by looking on the company’s future data and projecting on the company’s future needs.Under this stage, the company may consider the four marketing mix namely 4p’s,meaning; product,price,promotion and place.The fourth process involves seeking approval of the formulated b udget from the budgeting committee. While the fifth process of formulating a budget for an integrated promotion entails distribution of the approved funds. Finally the last process may entail evaluation and monitoring of whether the approved budget is being utilized appropriate in promotion of galaxy chocolate (Richard, paras.2-8). DEVELOPMENT OF A PROMOTIONAL PLAN FOR GALAXY CHOCOLATE The plan shall include tools and techniques that will be utilized in promotion of galaxy chocolate. In addition, this plan will incorporate a promotion budget as well as adjustments that will be made in order to cope with product cycle adjustments. Some of the tools and techniques that will be utilized include; Advertisement tools such T.V shows, bill boards, news papers and magazines. On the other hand, promotion tools such as free gift will be given as well as use of personal selling. The estimated budget for promotion and advertisement is estimated to be $12000 per month. The adjustment that will b e put at the decline stage of the product will include phase withdrawal as well finding a niche market to exploit the available opportunities (Pride, William and Ferrell, p.78). INTEGRATION OF PROMOTIONAL TECHNIQUES INTO THE PROMOTIONAL STRATEGY FOR GALAXY CHOCOLATE There are various forms of promotion/advertisement techniques that may be utilized in promotion of galaxy chocolate produc

Anti-Realism Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Anti-Realism - Essay Example For instance, no one has ever seen black holes including the scientists, but phenomena predict that black holes exist. The major support for this realism impression is that scientific information must be considered as almost true, since science determines the truth of how things are. A realist is an individual who believes that the purpose of scientific phenomena’s is to describe the biosphere as it is. The realists argue that if it is sensible to agree to a certain philosophy, then it is equally sensible to trust in the reality of the theoretic objects brought about by such a philosophy, despite the fact that such theoretic objects cannot be directly seen. On the other hand, realism may be believed as a phenomenon about the purpose of science: scientific theories are designed to tell individuals the reality around the world. Therefore, it is an axiological philosophy concerning science that states the main goal of science is to find the truth regarding the essence of Realism. Anti-realism is defined in disagreement with realism; it is any position that is comprised of either the renunciation of an unprejudiced reality or the renunciation that verification-hypothetical assertions are false or true. The two reasoning’s of Verification-hypothetical assertions according to anti-realism are varied but very clear. To begin with, the first type refutes that other minds do exist, and the realist involved in this type is referred to as solipsist. The second type argues that whether or not there are other unobservable minds, no aspect of the situation is existent. The second anti-realist can be referred to as logical behaviourists. In short, an anti-realist is an individual who does not consider scientific phenomena’s to aim at the truth, rather he considers its purpose on experimental suitability. The major support of anti-realism is that scientific theories cannot be considered as the truth, since they are not visible and

Explain what the term 'Fair trade' means and what are the important Essay

Explain what the term 'Fair trade' means and what are the important issues for the business world - Essay Example The basic intention of having fair trade is to move the works of the producers from the developing markets down towards the more urbanized quarters of the world, which suggests that the works of these developing countries are appreciated and allotted with revenues in return. This also helps the developing regimes to move from a position of vulnerability to security as well as economic self-sufficiency. The aspect of empowerment is also apparent from these undertakings since it allows for these developing nations to have more stakes in their produced goods over a period of time and thus allow them far more share in their own wealth. What this in essence does is to provide a greater share of equity which marginalizes the world trade levels as well as brings an end to the exploitation that has been happening over a long period of time, more so under the international trade tenets. A number of different global organizations work in close unison with fair trade regimes since this brings in aid for the poor countries, uplift in economic levels for the ones which are on the development curve and an overall prosperity scenario for the countries that have already been established and are making both ends meet in an economically self-efficient manner. These social and environmental organizations include Oxfam, Amnesty International and Caritas International to name a few. What these organizations try to do is to devise ways and means through which fair trade could be bolstered between different world regions and the societies could benefit from these steps that are taken under such levels. Also there is unity of purpose and actions are carried out in a manner which works to the advantage of the whole globe rather than a single entity at the very end. Because of these very steps, there are critics present under the banner of the fair trade regimes which suggests that the close

The Changing Face Of Youth Transitions Social Policy Essay

The Changing Face Of Youth Transitions Social Policy Essay Whether a young person is from a richer or poorer family may determine the age and the level of difficulty of going from a young person to an adult. The definition of youth transition seems vague. It generally means the time period when young people take increasing responsibility for themselves, their relationships and the decisions about their lives that shape their future prospects (HM Treasury, 2007). It is a principle that can be applied that to several key areas of adulthood, such as transition from education to work, moving out from home and starting a new family. The aim of this essay is to look at how social background could affect how long the speed of someones transitions in the mentioned areas. It will attempt to come to a conclusion afterwards. For simplicity, social class will be divided into working-class and middle-class. First of all is the transition from education to work. The main theory linking social class with this transition is that adolescents from middle-class backgrounds are more likely to stay in education at university level than youths from less well-off backgrounds. This could be because of more than one reason. This is because a persons level of education is likely to affect their childrens. For example, a mother from the working-class probably would not have had a higher education and may not have performed well in school as a child or adolescent herself. As a consequence, she may not have seen education as important as a parent from a middle-class background. This could possibly affect her childs education in two ways. The first way is that the parents unfavourable attitude towards education means that they are unlikely to encourage their child to pursue a university education. This is referred to by Jones (2002, p.9) as cultural capital. The second way is that parents who did not do well academically might have, as a result, low expectations of their children, expecting them to be similar to their parents. This would also mean parents not favouring university education. The importance of these two relationships between a parents social background, cultural capital and low expectation, is that children who do not study at university level (normally a three year course) are likely to get some form of employment sooner than those who go to university. For the same reasons, teenagers from wealthier backgrounds probably have better educated parents and are, perhaps, expected to attain a university degree. From this, it can be said that social class may influence the timing of transition to adulthood as children from less well-off backgrounds are more likely to move from education to employment earlier than those from middle-class backgrounds. It can also be said that this transition is made earlier and easier for working-class youths simply because their parents cannot afford to pay for their university fees. Therefore there is little choice for them but to get a job. This is another example of the influence of social class. Teenagers from a wealthier background could have the option to delay transition into work by furthering their qualifications at university, because there is money available from their parents or other sources. On the other hand, however, this theory is may not be very convincing. This is because there is usually financial aid available to those who do not have the money themselves, such as government loans, grants and university bursaries. According to Jones (2002), 68% of student income is from loans. This suggests that a high amount of higher education students are from backgrounds that cannot themselves afford it. The relevance of this is that it gives the impression that the influence of social class on transition from education to work is minimal, as many working-class children are also pursuing higher education in recent times. It is also crucial to consider domestic youth transitions. The first is the change a young person experiences from living in their parents houses to living independently. Living independently means that the adolescent is living in accommodation financed by his or herself. This links together with the education-employment transition as university students, although most of them are living away from home, are not living fully independently because it is most likely their parents who are responsible for their childs education and university accommodation fees. It was claimed earlier in this essay that middle-class adolescents are expected to go to university more than those from a poorer background. From this it could be said that the moving from home transition may occur earlier for those from the working-class as they will go into employment sooner than those from wealthier backgrounds. The relationship between social class and standard of living may be important. Using economic intuition, it can be said that higher income and wealth leads to a higher standard of living as more luxury goods and services become affordable. Therefore young people from middle-class backgrounds would enjoy a higher standard of living than youths from working-class backgrounds. This is surely influential over the time and ease of the transition of leaving home. This is because high living standards may reduce the incentive for young people from middle-class backgrounds as they are enjoying a higher quality of life while living with their parents. It is probable that moving away from home and earning their own living would reduce their quality of life as they will not be able to afford it in the short-term. Those from working-class background, however, do not have this quality of life and therefore have more reason and enticement to move out of home and aim to make a better living from hi s or her self. Another domestic transition is a youth going from their family of origin to starting a new family. This could mean having children. Before this, it is important to consider why a young woman would have a planned pregnancy. According to Carter and Coleman (2006), an unsettled childhood can be a key factor in this fast-track transition. Separation of parents and domestic violence are usually more associated with people of working-class background than any other. It can be claimed that teenagers that have separated parents and difficult family relationships desire a baby to achieve more stability in their lives something which they believe being a parent may bring. An unsettled background could also result in the youth abandoning home. This suggests that teenagers from less-wealthy backgrounds may make the family transition or the leaving-home transition earlier than those from richer families. Another theory is that poor educational achievement and bullying may prompt young women to c hange to a different life course such as parenthood (Carter and Coleman, 2006), but it is difficult to link this to social class. In fact, the issues of separated parents and domestic violence affect middle-class families too, undermining the strength and validity of the previous point. From the analysis above, it can be said that social class seems to have some influence over the timing and ease of youth transitions. It appears that all the mentioned transitions employment, moving out of parental home and parenthood seem to happen earlier and with more ease for children of working-class background. However, it is difficult to conclude the extent to which social class affects youth transitions. There are also other factors that need to be looked at such as the individual characteristics of a young person or the role of ethnicity in youth transitions (Cassidy. et al, 2006). Overall, social class might has some influence over the timing and ease of youth transitions through the family situations, academic expectations and living standards typically associated with that particular social background. Reference List Jones, G. (2002). The youth divide: diverging paths to adulthood. Joseph Rowntree Foundation Carter, S. and Coleman, L. (2006) Planned teenage pregnancy: Views and experiences of young people from poor and disadvantaged backgrounds, York: Joseph Rowntree Foundation Cassidy, C. et al (2006). Young peoples experiences of transition to adulthood: a study of minority ethnic and white young people. Joseph Rowntree Foundation HM Treasury Department for Children, Schools and Families (2007) Aiming high for young people: a ten year strategy for positive activities [Online], Available: http://publications.dcsf.gov.uk/eOrderingDownload/PU214.pdf [July 2007]

The End of Male Dominance Essay example -- Patriarchy Literature

Patriarchy is a form of social organization in which a male is the head of the family and has all the power to control and be a dominant individual. Male dominance is an ever present concept in society but women found a way to challenge this notion and overcome the hardships of male elitism. In â€Å"Nervous Conditions† by Tsitsi Dangarembga is focused on the colonized African clan called the Sigauke clan. The novel examines unequal power relations between men and women in the Sigauke clan which is largely steeped in tradition. The women in the story challenge the practices of male dominance; usually unsuccessful but each of these women make an effort to question some of decisions that were righteous of the patriarch. The women also break out of the role of domesticity and servility to the surprise of the men. â€Å"The Awakening† by Kate Chopin and â€Å"Things fall apart† by Chinua Achebe are very similar to the notion of woman challenging male elitism. The narrator, Tambu is culturally restricted to roles that denied her opportunity to rise above domesticity. Tambu is trapped which is portrayed when her mother says, â€Å"and these days it’s worse, with the poverty of blackness on one side and the weight of womanhood on the other† (16). Tambu’s story traces her hardships from infancy; she has to cultivate the fields, fetch the water from Nyamarira river, look after her young siblings, and cook for the family. Many of these roles obstructed her chances of attending school, her brother, Nhamo, on the other hand is able to study. He is privileged to attend school despite the family having to eke out a living. The relationship between Tambu and Nhamo is reduced to that of the privileged and the non-privileged. Nhamo has all the opportunities becau... ...iety by the men. Men always picture the women to be the housewife and nurture the children whereas the men are the ones that go to work and bring food to the table. This idea is contradicted in this story, many women play powerful roles that challenge the men. Education is a huge part of it because with knowledge becomes power and many of the women in the story are educated. Another way in how women challenged male dominance is by standing up to them to what they believe and defending themselves. Works Cited Achebe, Chinua. Things Fall Apart. Ed. Edel Rodriquez. New York: Reed Consumer Books. 1994. Print 3-209 Chopin, Kate. The Awakening. Ed. Elaine Showalter. New York: Alfred A. Knopf. 1992. Print 1-221 Dangarembga, Tsitsi. Nervous Conditions. Ed. Holmes, Martha Stoddard. Oxfordshire: Ayebia Clarke Publishing Ltd, 2004. Print 1-208. The End of Male Dominance Essay example -- Patriarchy Literature Patriarchy is a form of social organization in which a male is the head of the family and has all the power to control and be a dominant individual. Male dominance is an ever present concept in society but women found a way to challenge this notion and overcome the hardships of male elitism. In â€Å"Nervous Conditions† by Tsitsi Dangarembga is focused on the colonized African clan called the Sigauke clan. The novel examines unequal power relations between men and women in the Sigauke clan which is largely steeped in tradition. The women in the story challenge the practices of male dominance; usually unsuccessful but each of these women make an effort to question some of decisions that were righteous of the patriarch. The women also break out of the role of domesticity and servility to the surprise of the men. â€Å"The Awakening† by Kate Chopin and â€Å"Things fall apart† by Chinua Achebe are very similar to the notion of woman challenging male elitism. The narrator, Tambu is culturally restricted to roles that denied her opportunity to rise above domesticity. Tambu is trapped which is portrayed when her mother says, â€Å"and these days it’s worse, with the poverty of blackness on one side and the weight of womanhood on the other† (16). Tambu’s story traces her hardships from infancy; she has to cultivate the fields, fetch the water from Nyamarira river, look after her young siblings, and cook for the family. Many of these roles obstructed her chances of attending school, her brother, Nhamo, on the other hand is able to study. He is privileged to attend school despite the family having to eke out a living. The relationship between Tambu and Nhamo is reduced to that of the privileged and the non-privileged. Nhamo has all the opportunities becau... ...iety by the men. Men always picture the women to be the housewife and nurture the children whereas the men are the ones that go to work and bring food to the table. This idea is contradicted in this story, many women play powerful roles that challenge the men. Education is a huge part of it because with knowledge becomes power and many of the women in the story are educated. Another way in how women challenged male dominance is by standing up to them to what they believe and defending themselves. Works Cited Achebe, Chinua. Things Fall Apart. Ed. Edel Rodriquez. New York: Reed Consumer Books. 1994. Print 3-209 Chopin, Kate. The Awakening. Ed. Elaine Showalter. New York: Alfred A. Knopf. 1992. Print 1-221 Dangarembga, Tsitsi. Nervous Conditions. Ed. Holmes, Martha Stoddard. Oxfordshire: Ayebia Clarke Publishing Ltd, 2004. Print 1-208.

Green Revolution Essay

Interaction between humans and the environment has always had a great importance in the development of humankind; according to Marx, what differentiates humans from other animals is the fact that humans can transform their surroundings to suit their needs, through labor. The Green Revolution is not the exception to that. In times of need the human being manipulated its environment to be suitable for its development, however, the question lingers, how efficient was it, how positive? The Green Revolution, from 1945 to the present, was motivated by the need to increase the production of food to supply for the increasing demand as population grew, to promote national self-sustainability in terms of food. However, during that period the effect of the Revolution have been detrimental to the environment and society: they have damaged agricultural diversity and heritage, damaged the lands, and put at risk food security; also, they have widened the gap between the very rich and the very poor, monopolizing the food industry. The Green Revolution originated after an urgent need to promote food security with a growing trend in global population, as a way to promote self-sustainability and independence. As it is clear in the report given by the Food and Agriculture Organization (DOC 2), in the period ranging from around 1929 (great depression) and 1945 (end of World War II) the global food supply index was below the world population. What this means is that there was literally not enough food being produced world wide to feed the world population. This struggle of human kind to stay afloat in supplying the minimum needs for survival meant that a change needed to occur. The answer, as Dr. Norman Borlaug stated in his Nobel Lecture (DOC 4) was not simply planting more in the developing nations, since the lands in those areas were â€Å"tired, worn out, depleted of plant nutrients†¦Ã¢â‚¬  Clearly, what the document refers is that a new, more effective way of growing food had to be developed. In fact, Dr.Borlaug states that the priority of the developments of the green revolution concentrated in the millions that were lurked by hunger, a large problematic that clearly was under the spotlight. As a proof that the world was prioritizing the deficient food supply is the statement given by President Harry Truman (DOC 3). President Truman was the leader of the most powerful nation in the world at the time, the one with the largest technological developments, and his word was the one that would set the course of the world. This particular speech is vital, since it is the inaugural speech, where he was to set the priorities of the government and address the world with what the United States had as a course for the future. In this speech, he clearly refers to the shocking figure that â€Å"more than half the people of the world are living in conditions approaching misery† and says that the United States will help provide â€Å"technical knowledge†¦ to produce more food† In the speech President Truman refers often to liberty, thus meaning that self-sustainability will provide freedom. This speech is the perfect example, the jewel of the trend that the world was seeing with regard to prioritizing food. The mention of â€Å"technical knowledge† is vital in the construction of the green revolution as a response to the lack of food, with technological developments in the agricultural field. Some have said that the Green Revolution has been a success in improving the food industry, and improving living conditions for everyone; nevertheless the numbers today reflect a mediocre success. Indian minister for food and agriculture (1964-1967) states in an interview (DOC 5) that the farmers of the state of Punjab competed to use the technology that was introduced by the green revolution the best. It is stated with a positive connotation, as to refer to the great feats of Punjab. This seems very positive, however, the most likely reason for this to have occurred is the fact that multinational corporations were kicking them out of the market and they were forced into utilizing the technology that those same corporations were imposing on them. If this were true, which it most likely is, as it has happened in many places around the world, it would discredit the great success that the Green Revolution supposedly is. Furthermore, the claim is that the Green Revolution has brought prosperity, however, to whom, to the ones that were rich already? A perfect example of this negative impact of the Green Revolution is the conversation between Mrs. Dula and the United Nations official (DOC 6), which gives a not very realistic perspective of the impact of the green Revolution and is concentrated exclusively in the sector of the very rich. This document is indeed quite revealing, as the speaker is an aristocratic woman of Mexico, probably a housewife who sees the world through the optic of his husband, a man who earns a salary if the revolution which he works for is successful; in fact, she is most likely part of one of the clubs she talks about herself. The occasion of this statement is a simple conversation with a UN official, probably at some sort of a social event, where the high class is all joined together, with perfectly slanted people who are not really analyzing the global impact of the Green Revolution. This document gives a crystal clear proof of how much the Green Revolution has made the â€Å"rich Mexican farmers† richer probably at the expense of making the poor laborers, poorer, however, this document presents only one, very bright point of view to sell the revolution. With regards to India once again, socially, they sell the idea of improvement, like in the report of the State of Punjab (DOC 9) where it says that the Green Revolution has seen with it the â€Å"emergence of middle and rich peasants† a very undesirable euphemism to conceal the actual situation. This document seems to give a perspective of social growth and development, of a population going for education, yet once again, it seems very idealistic in its tone, when in reality India has totally different conditions. With regards to that, India has one of the largest Gini index’s in the world, meaning a huge social inequality, and has one of the smallest middle classes in the world, which has diminished even more throughout the years, meaning that in reality, India may have had a somewhat positive year, but the general trend is of a very pronounced downturn in social progress, all related to the Green Revolution which is destroying the small farmers. The Green Revolution, in truth has brought more ill than it has brought good, in the environmental and social aspects. Regarding environmental harm, the FAO Wheat Yield report (DOC 1) is very good in demonstrating the introduction of massive scale crops that the Green Revolution brings forth with it. The introduction of these crops damages the lands since they are not prone to such production. The graphs show that in both Mexico and India the crop yields were extremely irregular, and as time passed they have become even more, this is due to the fact that they are not proper to those areas and its planting is something totally synthetic and with complete disrespect towards the natural balance. The article by Dr. Vandana Shiva (DOC 8) reveals how much damage the crops, especially Genetically Modified Organisms; do to the land they are planted in. The â€Å"reduced genetic diversity, increased vulnerability to pests, soil erosion, water shortages†¦Ã¢â‚¬  are effect that will leave marked the land for a long time, as Dr. Shiva states, and are a threat to future generations, which will have totally barren land where it will be impossible to plant food. Dr. Shiva also refers to the social problematic that the Green Revolution is planting alongside its seeds. For instance the fight for water to provide irrigation, previously not needed in India, has lead to â€Å"conflict and violence† and as it has become a worldwide trend, the career for water dominance is â€Å"leading to both local and interstate water conflicts. † This clearly shows how disadvantageous the spread of the Green Revolution has been, since it has brought unmeasured changes that have not been made responsibly, but rather abruptly, causing enormous damage. Dr. Shiva is an Indian Physicist, and being from India she probably has had a very direct contact with the Green Revolution, considering that one of its birthplaces was in fact the State of Punjab. In this occasion she is writing for the Ecologist magazine, a publication read by people with primary interest in the environmental issues, including organization leaders and maybe politicians who will probably get concerned, especially due to the tone of annoyance and hatred that she employs in the article. Expanding on social implications, the Guatemalan National Coordinating Committee of Indigenous peasants (DOC 10) gives a different perspective. Although it may sound somewhat as mysticism from indigenous people, saying that they have contaminated the seeds is not a joke, considering the hormones that can be found in GMO plantations. This also acknowledges a vital issue, the loss of diversity and heritage that society is killing with the systematic Green Revolution trends, like the Mayan traditions, which have been present for â€Å"five thousand years. Furthermore, the social disaster does not stop there, but stumbles over women, which according to the FAO Newsletter (DOC 7) have been forced to change their job. In this case the implications have made woman, traditionally in other roles, have even less opportunities to succeed, as the increased need for cash income made the woman be forced to work. This implies a social catastrophe since it denies the right of woman to equal opportunities, which are stripped off with the Green Revolution, which makes them simply one more laborer forced to work. Additional to the information presented in the documents it would be vital to contain the point of view of a small scale male farmer that has to compete with the multinational corporations, which have been installed after the start of the Green Revolution circa 1945. This would be important since it would show the first hand effects of the monopolies that the Green Revolution has brought, with regards to the social impact it has made, and whether that impact is positive or negative. As discussed throughout the essay, the Green Revolution, which has lasted from 1945 until the present day, was originated with a need to secure food production in a starving world. However its effects were not so positive, since today many starve, and the Green Revolution has damaged the environment and widened the gap between the social classes. The setup of crops that have give no benefit to the places in which they are grown, with complete disregard to the ecological balance that was being destroyed have caused issues ranging from soil erosion to water shortages and crops with pest vulnerability. The Green Revolution has also made the rich farmers richer at the cost of the poor being poorer, since the costs of the new technologies are not easily accessible, but the yields that they provide take the small farmers out of business. In general, although certain governments sponsor the Green Revolution and make it seem positive, it has brought about large changes in the way humans interact with the environment, with a generalized destruction of it to get short-term solutions to the problem of food shortages.

Stonehenge †a cant be missed tourist spot

Stonehenge – a cant be missed tourist spot Free Online Research Papers Stonehenge, found in Wiltshire, Britain, is known to be the â€Å"can’t-miss† tourist site. No tourist should ever leave out this particular place on his/her agenda. Stonehenge received its name because thousands of years ago, the area of Stonehenge was just a henge, a bank and ditch type thing. There are many theories behind the original purpose of Stonehenge running from Stonehenge being a worship temple for ancient earth deities, to astronomical observatory, to being known as a sacred burial area. Legend has it that Aurelius, Uther, and King Arthurs successor, Constantine, were buried there during their time. No matter what people insist, we still have no solid evidence of what Stonehenge was really built for. While we do not know Stonehenge’s original purpose, it is obvious that there was a copious amount of work put into the construction of it. Since the builders did not have the same machinery as we do during this lifetime, the construction of this famous site required much more commitment and an extravagant amount of time. The builder of Stonehenge is uncertain as well. Many people still question who had the idea of making this monument and why. The best guess seems to be that the Stonehenge site was begun by the people of the late Neolithic period (around 3000 BC) and continued by people from a new generation and economy. Research Papers on Stonehenge - a can't be missed tourist spotCanaanite Influence on the Early Israelite ReligionWhere Wild and West MeetThe Effects of Illegal ImmigrationAppeasement Policy Towards the Outbreak of World War 2Research Process Part OneThe Project Managment Office SystemMind TravelUnreasonable Searches and SeizuresAnalysis of Ebay Expanding into Asia19 Century Society: A Deeply Divided Era

Transaction Processing System And Management Information Systems Information Technology Essay Essays

Transaction Processing System And Management Information Systems Information Technology Essay Essays Transaction Processing System And Management Information Systems Information Technology Essay Paper Transaction Processing System And Management Information Systems Information Technology Essay Paper Information System has different types as mentioned above. They are Transaction treating system, Management Information Systems ( MIS ) , Office Automation Systems ( OAS ) , Document Management System ( DMS ) , Decision Support System ( DSS ) , Executive Support System ( ESS ) , Expert System ( ES ) , Knowledge Work System ( KWS ) , Geting Information System, Information System Security and Control, Impacts of Information System etc. , These types is related to different sections in an administration such as Operational Manager, Data worker, Middle Manager, Senior Manager etc, . The below diagram shows how the types supports different sections in an administration. The director, who maintains, controls and improves the activities in an administration for better services and goods to clients. The director cheques twenty-four hours to twenty-four hours operations and with the consequences they will take certain activities. One of the major twenty-four hours to twenty-four hours activities is Transaction treating system. This Transaction Processing is a type in information system. The dealing procedure is a set of information that may be order, payment, scanned information etc. , through computing machine and demand to be updated in a database and database must direct conformation at same clip for the petition. Transaction procedure contains two types of procedures they are Batch Transaction Process and Real Time Transaction Process. The batch dealing means it collects the informations and stored in Database and does nt react instantly during procedure. The best illustration of BTP is nomadic bills, Bank statements, cheques etc. The Real Time Tran saction Process means it collects the informations and responds instantly for the procedure and saves the records in database. The best illustration of RTP is Withdrawal money, Deposit money, and Scanned payment consequences in retail shops. Any concern that may be on-line or offline tallies under these two procedures plants. The below diagram show the basic dealing procedure which involves user, intent and the type of procedure A A Ref: A Board of surveies NSW, Stage 6 Information Processes and Technology, Preliminary and HSC Courses ( 2007, page 14 ) Data Workers: The individuals who work for the company are known as information workers. The best illustration for informations workers are employees. The information system types comes under this section are Knowledge direction system ( KMS ) and Office mechanization system ( OAS ) . In any administration KMS is used to capture, organize and make concern procedures in efficient and advanced manner. To acquire the right information we collect informations and use cognition. The administration success depends upon the cognition. All the employees in an administration must portion their ideas for the administration end. The professional people who works for the KMS acts as advisers and give aid for both Top degree and Middle degree direction. These Peoples develop new cognition for the administration and integrated it with bing cognition which is nil but updating the system. Example for KMS is the Bankss say that sedimentation money in Bankss for protection. In add-on to that the cognition they use to increase the clients is if you deposit the money for more than a twelvemonth we will give an extra 5 % for the money which means if you deposit $ 100 so at the terminal of the twelvemonth you own $ 105. OAS is an extra tool to do the procedure easy in the administration. A computing machine system which allows assortment of application such as Microsoft word, Emails, Calender and even sharing resources each other through a affiliated web. This is used chiefly by office workers who supports directors at all degrees. The best illustration for OAS is Microsoft word. This application is of user interface which helps to do the paperss more easy and has extra installations like enchantment rectification, word count etc. In-between Manager: This is one of the department/layer in an administration. The major function is to supervise subsidiaries like informations workers, operational director before describing to upper director. The Information system types that involve in this section are Management Information System ( MIS ) , Decision Support System ( DSS ) , and Intelligent Support System ( ISS ) . Manage information Tells director how to pull off information for a peculiar state of affairs. This information is managed in accurate, seasonably and relevant for state of affairss. System is a combination of different degrees in an administration. MIS is defined as combination of different beds in administration, people and paperss to cognize the administration jobs and supply appropriate information for the job. Accessing, Organising, Summarizing and displayed information for back uping everyday determination devising in the functional countries. The four types of MIS are TPS, OIS, DCS and Expert Systems. The illustrati on for MIS is for an on-line bank measure payment, the history holder has an option to reassign the sum for a peculiar day of the month in each month. The bank transportations money each month on that day of the month and direct a electronic mail with information about how much money is detected, clip of transportation and day of the month of transportation. DSS is a system used to do determination with the aid of broad scope of resources. This system interacts with the people by utilizing scope of resources to do determinations which we see in administration. For illustration, company wants to sell books internationally through online. To make this the company need to believe wether the determination made is wise for concern. Company can utilize DSS for doing determinations with the aid of company information and besides by other resources. This consequence gives an thought for the company to spread out the concern internationally or non. hypertext transfer protocol: //www.answers.com/topic/information-systems hypertext transfer protocol: //www.britannica.com/EBchecked/topic/287895/information-system hypertext transfer protocol: //dictionary.bnet.com/definition/operations+management.html hypertext transfer protocol: //www.pcmag.com/encyclopedia_term/0,2542, t=transaction+processing A ; i=53077,00.asp hypertext transfer protocol: //www.hsc.csu.edu.au/ipt/trans_systems/4-1/tps.htm hypertext transfer protocol: //www.ehow.com/how_5624741_start-knowledge-management-system.html hypertext transfer protocol: //www.systems-thinking.org/kmgmt/kmgmt.htm hypertext transfer protocol: //www.webopedia.com/TERM/O/office_automation.html hypertext transfer protocol: //www.gregvogl.net/courses/mis1/glossary.htm hypertext transfer protocol: //www.wisegeek.com/what-are-management-information-systems.htm

Patricia Benner Theorist Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2500 words

Patricia Benner Theorist - Assignment Example Such is the fundamental message of Benner’s From Novice to Expert. This paper analyzes and discusses Patricia Benner’s From Novice to Expert. The first section introduces the life and theory of Benner, and the key components of the theory. The second section discusses how the theory can connect theory, research, and practice. Then the last section explains how this theory is relevant to my practice goals and how can I apply the theory now and in the future. Patricia Benner of the University of California was a forerunner in clinical practice research; specifically, she examined the traits of experts and the development of expertise. Employing a qualitative design, as well as interview and observation, she studied several nurses involved in clinical activities—from novice nurses to expert nurses. From this research she wrote her book From Novice to Expert: Excellence and power in clinical nursing (2001) wherein she identified a hierarchy or pyramid of practice in medical nursing. The five phases of development described by Benner are ‘novice, advanced beginner, competent, proficient, and expert’ (Alber et al., 2009, 126). Benner’s work covers clear, perceptive explanations of every stage and the framework has been applied by others in examining their profession and creating academic programs. This paper analyzes and discusses Patricia Benner’s From Novice to Expert. The first section introduces the life and theory of Benner, and the key components of the theory. The second section discusses how the theory can connect theory, research, and practice. Then the last section explains how this theory is relevant to my practice goals and how can I apply the theory now and in the future. Patricia Benner is a nursing graduate from Pasadena College. She later on obtained a Master’s Degree in nursing from University of California in 1970, with her primary focus on medical-surgical nursing. Benner has a broad array of clinical knowledge and experience

Sandra Cisneros family and life experiences to themes in his or her Essay

Sandra Cisneros family and life experiences to themes in his or her literature - Essay Example Most of her works are about poor-to-middle class Latinas in the world of modern America. She speaks reality in most of her works. Her works have been featured in periodicals such as The New Yorker, The Los Angeles Times, Elle, Grand Street, The Village Voice, The New York Times and Glamour. Her most popular novel The House on Mango Street earned worldwide applause. It is about a young Latina girl growing up in Chicago experiencing the harsh reality of life with lessons that can benefit the readers. Her work is highly acclaimed in the literary world such that schools included her work in their curriculum as part of required reading materials (Bergolhz, 2007). Cisneros has earned her living through writing for more than 45 years already. She has published more than 35 publications (Cisneros, 2013). But it was after school that Sandra discovered that she would become a writer. After she graduated from Loyola in Chicago in the year 1976, she attended the University of Iowa’s Write rs Workshop. It was this time of her life that she felt alone, isolated and so out of place. She felt different from her well-bred classmates. This feeling did not suppress her, instead, it uplifted her spirit to become who she is right now. As she quoted in Publishers Weekly, â€Å"It was not until this moment when I separated myself, when I considered myself truly distinct, that my writing acquired a voice. That’s when I decided I would write about something my classmates couldn’t write about† (LaBalle, C. 2002). Sandra has been writing poems and stories while growing up. But it was her feelings of alienation that Sandra felt during her writing workshops that made her realize what she would be writing about. As an American-Mexican living in an Americanized culture, she felt herself unique. Instead of dwelling in her differences, she decided to write about the stories about what she has gone through in life. The encountered conflicts during her growing years su ch as poverty, cultural differences, social alienation and degradation, and her feelings as a Latina writer are the topics of interests in most of her writings (Jufer,J. ,2013). While her well bred classmates wrote about good homes, nice family and good life, Sandra chooses her topic mostly about women finding their strength in life rising as victors in their poor conditions. She mirrors the harshness of life and the reality of pain clearly through her poems, short stories and novels. She develops strong characters carrying stories that can enrich and encourage souls. Washington Post Book World connotes her as â€Å"a writer of power and eloquence and great lyrical beauty† (Gale, 1998). Sandra Cisneros did not have an easy life. She can’t relate with the traditional homes and families. She was brought up in the state of poverty. She was born in Chicago, but her family moved from place to place most of the time. This situation has great impact to her such that she becam e shy, conscious and has no lasting friends. She exposed this side of her in Publisher Weekly quoting â€Å"The moving back and forth, the new school were very upsetting to me as a child. They caused me to be very introverted and shy. I do not remember making friend easily.† (Gale, 1998). The constant movements made her feel unfit and lonely. She resolved into reading books and expressed her melancholy through writing. These experiences she had from her

Access and Poverty Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Access and Poverty - Essay Example e has access to such a tool is of course the fact that not everyone has been fortunate enough to have a good credit score so that they can apply for such an instrument. Whether buying food, buying gasoline, or personal items, the credit card was something that I saw as indispensible and something that allowed a great ease of purchase and security due to the fact that I was not required to carry around a large amount of cash on a daily basis (Michaelson 1). The second item that I took for granted and allowed a great deal of personal comfort and ease of life is that of my vehicle. Although living without a vehicle is becoming more and more of something that environmentalists push us towards, the fact remains that without one, we are somewhat stranded and unable to meet the many obligations that our model life engenders. Naturally, the fact of the matter is that not everyone is fortunate enough to have a vehicle and even many that do life day to day not knowing whether or not their vehicle will work when they turn the key. Due to the new ways in which I have viewed both of these amenities, they have made me aware of the fact of just how fortunate I am as well as the level of poverty and non-opportunity which affects so many different individual within my community. Michaelson, Jared. "Hitting The Century (X – Distressed) | Wexboy." Stockopedia PRO - Stock Research Reports, Stock Screening, Stock Valuation and Research Tools. N.p., 15  Jan.  2013. Web. 15  Feb.  2013.

Accountability, Responsibility and Respect Essay Example for Free

Accountability, Responsibility and Respect Essay Running Head: Accountability, Respresponsibility, and Respect 3 Essay on Accountability, Responsibility, and Respect Among military members and civilians alike, there are personal qualities that determine how you act professionally and also how you act in your personal life. These qualities also determine how other people view you and judge your abilities in both aspects previously stated. In the military, certain qualities are especially prudent because of the nature of the work we complete, and the monetary value of the equipment that we work with. According to Eagle1 Fox2 (2008) Our organization is 1,394,311 soldiers strong, and in order to keep order and, discipline, key values are instilled into us from the day we start our careers, in basic training. Among these values, i am writing about 3 in particular; Accountability, Reponsibility and Respect. See more: Experiment on polytropic process Essay The Value of accountability can be applied to all facets of life. Dictionary.com (2012) defines Accountability as â€Å"The Quality or state of being accountable; especially : an obligation or willingness to accept responsibility or to account for ones actions.† The military uses the word Acccountability with a broader definition. Being accountable gives your command the ability to trust you with tasks and equipment. It also provides them with an accurate idea of where you are at, at all times. If all soldiers were accountable, the military would operate at a much higher performance level. Time for orders to be given, and time it takes for the orders to be carried out would drop. Allowing the military to free resources and also cut monetary spending. Leading to a more productive and cheaper military.

Orientalism In Film Or Animation Cultural Studies Essay

Orientalism In Film Or Animation Cultural Studies Essay Due to the intuitive and emotional characteristics of the film, video screen is easier to stimulate the audience, so description of other countries people, history, image and customs in the film has always been a very sensitive side. Hollywood always portrayed Muslim, Chinese and Indians as thieves, warlords and terrorists, and the East itself has been described as indecent and strange land, where life is very cheap and eroticism is pleasure and abundant. In American film history more than one century, the Chinese peoples images have already constituted a very prominent phenomenon of Hollywood films, not only sizeable, but also diverse genre. Hollywood movies often gives the image of the Chinese is a kind of uncomfortable feeling, and some even have been distorted or be smeared. The theme of Hollywood movie shot in China, China (including the United States, Chinatown) has been portrayed as mysterious and playing with the local conspiracy, showing that the Chinese were more indecent w ay of life. Chinese people are not melancholy mysterious, that is heinous villains and criminals. Rampant criminal gangs, prostitutes everywhere, arms smuggling, smoking opium, the development of chemical weapons and nuclear proliferation activities all related to the Chinese image as a stereotyped in Hollywood films, when he still does not rise again, filled with a thick atmosphere of Orientalism . Due to the intuitive and emotional characteristics of the film, video screen is easier to stimulate the audience, description of other countries people, history, image and customs in the film has always been a very sensitive side. Western movies always Muslims, Chinese and Indians are portrayed as thieves, warlords and terrorists, the East itself has been described as indecent and strange land where life is very cheap and with abundant sexual pleasure. In more than a century of American film history, the Chinese peoples images in western films have already constituted a very prominent phenomenon, not only sizeable, but also diverse genre. Chinese peoples images in western films often give a kind of uncomfortable feeling, and some even have been distorted or smeared. In the films of Chinese theme in West videos, China (including the Chinatown in western countries) has been portrayed as mysterious place playing with the local conspiracy, showing that the Chinese more indecent ways of l ife. Chinese people are not only melancholy mysterious, but also are heinous villains and criminals. Rampant criminal gangs, prostitutes everywhere, arms smuggling, smoking opium, the development of chemical weapons and nuclear proliferation activities all related to the Chinese image as a stereotyped in the western films still float back again, filled with a thick atmosphere of Orientalism. All along, the use of salvation mode, the tragedy of love mode, super vulgar romantic mode, assimilation mode of narrative and discourse mode of operation in Western films, in a history of film with one hundred years has interpretation of the stories concerning Chinese peoples images. From Western silent films in the early twentieth century to the contemporary story of the films, Chinas social environment is deplorable, and the Chinese people often lack the basic normal human emotions, cynical demeanor, temperament catchy and metamorphosis, long sleeves, long braids and the three-inch golden lotus and the love and marriage patterns of East woman and white man have repeatedly been paraded across the screen and relish. More recent emergence of Red Corner, Little Buddha, Seven Years in Tibet in the United States with nature of anti-Chinese, shame China, due to a deliberate distortion of Chinas national image have been condemned by the international media, nowadays the veil, Nanking, Ch ildren of Huang Shi and other American films are not tortuous to express the Americans mentality to save the world. Western movies are the most important medium of the mainstream ideology in the United States and the Western countries. In the history, Western films with their strong racist prejudices and Orientalist thinking played vanguards to demonize China. The West often take out a virtual image of the Eastern world, resulting in the images of the Chinese people have been misunderstood or misread. Behind all this is intertwined with the complex social and cultural psychologies, such as desire, or fear, or hatred, however, the more important is the western mainstream consciousness, especially the important post-colonial theory Orientalism, provides the ideological and theoretical foundation for the East to construct and image the West. In short, the Chinese academic circles is both familiar and unfamiliar with Western films, familiar with the western films soon spread to China, especially since 80s, 90s in the twentieth century, split large entry and commercialism in Chinas emergence, the West has the underestimated impact on Chinese peoples entertainment and cultural life. The studies on connotation and extension of the Western films already yielded fruitful results, from the rise of the United States films to the old and new development and changes of the West, from the construction of the mechanism of films to the establishment of cultural and political functions, from experience in entertainment and cultural industry to the significance of the world films have promoted the Western films to a new stage. Unfamiliar still is that many still remain in the critical level of perception and fragmentation on the understanding, many of the problems go beyond that, have not been thorough clean-up and analysis systematica lly, resulting in a true sense of the criticism and the absence of the phenomenon of aphasia. Clearly, the studies of Chinese peoples images in the Western films have been started in the multi-dimensional perspectives. In particular, some Chinese scholars living abroad have outstanding performance in this field of study, and in some studies have already achieved outstanding results. The results of research embodied in two aspects: First, in a comprehensive study, from the perspective of film history, outlined the historic combing out the image of the Chinese American Film in the evolution of the approximate trajectory; Second, in the case studies, the right of a more representative to reflect the Chinese peoples images in Western films would be a more in-depth explanation, but mostly are the outline and comments for specific texts and phenomena, stay in the descriptive study on the superficial aspects of the miss. Then, in the growing and deepening of globalization today, from a dee per perspective, the Chinese peoples images in the western films with one hundred years have formed what the main types, different types of images showing how the themes and contains, as well as the mainstream ideology how to affect the statements of movie media, etc., which are yet to be carefully combed and revealed. Orientalism is one of the latest theories in the following of the post-modernist thought in the West, indicating the consciousness and mature of post-colonial theory, and is also a research hotspot in the academic community since the 90s. Western Movies are the most cultural industry with considerable global influence in the Western world, of which the ways of thinking of Orientalism and discourse hegemony are fairly typical. Therefore, Orientalism, as the main theoretical tool, is based on specific interpretation of the text, to systemically inspect the cultural elements and their narrative strategies behind the Chinese men and Chinese women images in Western movies more than a century, it is not only feasible, but the theories of value and practical significance are also very obvious, which is the main objective of this study. Chapter One Orientalism Thinking in Western movies In accordance with Foucault and Edward W. Saids theory, the otherness in cultural studies refers to a culture image establish its own value and power to order and identity itself, while to shape a confrontation with itself and less than its own. In dealing with the issues of ethnic and cultural diversity, the Western films have a profound tendency to the stereotyped images of the Chinese as the right to enter their domain, although is related with the images of the Chinese with the experience in the West and Western mainstream culture for the hundred years, the Chinese peoples images as the otherness of marginalization in the Western images, in its behind of fictional mold, it reflects the Western mainstream filmmakers Orientalism thinking. From a social psychological viewpoint, although non-ego stereotype is inevitable, the stereotyped image in the films is derived directly from the instinct of self-identification strategies on the main images of the Western discourse in the current context of globalization. Shaping the image of China in West there is a certain historical continuity, in western culture psychological structure, the potential prototype of Chinas image is more firmly secure than any objective experience or external experience, with more power to shape and inclusiveness. The Chinese peoples images in the films, or wicked, evil, cunning, or humility and supple, this change is not overnight, but showing a historic consistency, stability and continuity. So, it can be said that Western films to shape the Chinese peoples images will suffer at least two factors, one is the bilateral relation between East and West in reality, and second is the prototype of Chinas image in the concept of Western culture. These two factors offset each other, influence each other. The so-called prototype of Chinas image is the imagination of the building of heaven and hell about the styles of otherness and Orientalism. 1.1 Definition of Orientalism As an important part of post-colonial theory Orientalism has its own development process. As early as the late 18th century, Orientalism as a discipline has obtained an independent status. It originated a series of studies by Britain to India, including language (Sanskrit, etc.), laws, customs, and literature and so on. Up to the advent of decolonization, Orientalism is usually considered to be neutral, which is an instructive subject for the West. After World War II, people have the gradual in-depth understanding of the Orientalism, Orientalism is no longer refers only to scholars and their works on Orientalism, or the East national character, lifestyle or quality, but also the main means is used to handle the East affairs approach and a tool of Western imperialism. Edward Said, as the representative who holds this view, in his book Orientalism gave the definition: Orientalism is not to express an explanation distinctly different with its own (or novel, alternative) in some cases it is even annexation desire or intention to control and manipulate. It has a strong and special historical connection with imperialism. Said believes that, regardless of which one stage in the history of the West, any essentialism statement writing about the basic dichotomy of the East and the West as a starting point with the Orient, Oriental, Oriental custom, the East Mind, the fate of the East and so on belong to Orientalism. Historically, the West led by a fictional East make the West have the ontological differences with the East, and make the West to use for adventures and biased vision to see the East, thereby creating its own nation completely different with itself, so that himself is finally able to grasp the dissidents. It can be felt in point from a number of literary works: Saids Orientalism theory has a strong color of ideological and political criticism, its criticism directed at the idea of Western cultural hegemony and power politics. The reflection of Western on the exotic, there are two basic attitudes, one is fear, and one is desire. Thus, in the statements of a large number of classic Western movies on the Orient, it can be found the intertextuality between them and this group of type-oriented art film: chaos, noisy, yellow arm and yellow legs, people as ant colony, in which contain the magic power can not claim of solution. Also in this yellow crowd, unexpectedly will break out unimaginable states of human nature for the Westerner, the so-called is more likely linked with the Far East (mainly China and Japan). Said believes that the West for the understanding of Orient did not like Europeans to understand in depth, although they should have adopted a series of adventures in the Far East to obtain a more sober, more realistic Orient consciousness. In fact, the formation of West the East doctrine is rooted the Orient twisted imagination in the early 16, 17 century European immigrants arrived in North America. They imagine that the East is brutal, ugly, and weak. The image of the East has become the quintessence of irrational, immoral, childish and ridiculous and preposterous. In 18th century, when the European empires expanded the global, the origin of this concept has already become a long-standing prejudice. Later, the concepts of Eastern and Asia from the West are built on top of such a bias. Westerners on their own racial and ethnic have proud sense of superiority, Orientalism, only became an excuse so as to promote a political culture that it is superior to Asian countries, especially C hina and Japan as a basis. This kind of discrimination and prejudice to Orient, especially China, in the West screen there is also a large number of embodiments and the Orientalism in the West complexly exists.

Evaluation of Police Officer Candidates Essay -- Selection of Law Enf

Workforce selection practices have become more prominent over the years, particularly with law enforcement recruitments. This enhanced use of process selection allows for more advanced methods of assessing police officers. One reason for this extreme emphasis on selection systems is the elimination of unqualified police recruit applicants, thus ensuring that monetary resources are not wasted on the ill-equipped (Cochrane., Tett., & Vandecreek, 2003). Several factors impact the potential success or failure of police recruits, including tertiary studies; efficient communication skills; previous moral and ethical behaviour and psychological adequacy of recruits. However, just two of the four selection criteria including tertiary studies, and personality suitability will be analysed and evaluated in this literary review. Higher educated police officers are better equipped to serve in today’s complex and challenging environment through greater awareness of social and cultural / ethnic community issues; promoting a more professional image of law enforcement, as well as exemplifying themselves as ‘problem solvers’ rather than ‘reactive agents’(Trfymowych, 2007, pg. 419). Likewise, psychological and personality suitability of employees allows for police officers to screen out psychopathology as well as Identify individuals who match some ‘ideal’ profile of high performing police. Therefore, this review aims to determine whether or not the selected criteria reviewed are valid for use in a police recruit selection process through a detailed evaluation of each criteria. As the role of a police officer is becoming more complex in the 21st century with the advances in social and technological developments, the need for tertiary studi... ...). Psychological testing and the selection of police officers. Criminal Justice and Behaviour, 30 (5), 511-537. Dempsey, J., & Forst, L. (2009). An Introduction to Policing. Cengage Learning, Canada. Metchik,E. (1999). Police Quarterly. An analysis of the â€Å"Screening Out â€Å" Model of Police Officer Selection, 2 (1), 79-95. Smith, M., & Segal, J. (2008). Healing Emotional and Psychological Trauma. In HelpGuide. Web 23 Apr. 2015. http://www.helpguide.org/mental/emotional_psychological_trauma.htm Trofymowych, D. (2007). Police Education Past and Present: Perceptions of Australian Police Managers and Academics. Flinders Journal of Law Reform, 8 (10), 419-433. Vrana, S., & Lauterbach, L. (1994). Prevalence of Traumatic Events and Post-Traumtic Psychological Symptoms in a Nonclinical Sample of College Students. Journal of Traumatic Stress, 7 (2), 289-302.